Background Recent guidelines for SLE recommend using a hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) dose less than 5.0 mg/kg/day to reduce the risk of retinopathy. To determine if this dose reduction would have an impact ...

Objective Determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) and exposure–response of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and desethylhydroxychloroquine (DHCQ) in paediatric SLE (pSLE). Methods We conducted an exploratory ...

Objective The objectives of this study were to compare the clinical features of patients with SLE with and without myopathy and to describe the muscle biopsy features of patients with SLE myopathy.

Introduction Serum uric acid levels have been reported as predictors of cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological and renal morbidity in patients with SLE. However, their role in cumulative global ...

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Background and aims Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations. Here, we present 150 patients with SLE attending our clinic between January and ...

Background TLR 7/8 are transmembrane receptors that recognize single-stranded RNA. In humans, TLR7 is mainly expressed in B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells and its activation stimulates ...

Objective To evaluate the pregnancy outcomes in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and ...

Background Low haptoglobin indicates hemolysis in lupus patients. We present a lupus patient who was found to have low haptoglobin levels in the absence of other evidence of hemolysis. Methods Chart ...

4 Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA Background/objective Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at increased risk for adverse ...

Objective We have developed a new conceptual model to characterise the signs and symptoms of SLE: the Type 1 and 2 SLE Model. Within the original model, Type 1 SLE consists of inflammatory ...

Background The short-term and long-term outcome of inflammatory neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) with immunosuppressive treatment is largely unknown. We used clinical data from our tertiary referral ...